Particípio
Passado
Tradução
bet
bet
bet
apostar
bid
bid
bid
oferecer, fazer uma oferta
broadcast broadcast broadcast
transmitir, irradiar
cast
cast
cast
atirar, lançar
cost
cost
cost
custar
cut
cut
cut
cortar
hit
hit
hit
bater
hurt
hurt
hurt
machucar
let
let
let
deixar, alugar
put
put
put
colocar
quit
quit
quit
deixar, abandonar
read
read
read
ler
set
set
set
estabelecer, colocar, pôr em
determinada condição, marcar,
ajustar
shut
shut
shut
fechar, cerrar
spread
spread
spread
espalhar
Passado e Particípio Passado terminados em nt/ed
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado
Particípio Passado
Tradução
burn
burnt/burned
burnt/burned
queimar
learn
learnt/learned
learnt/learned
aprender
Passado com o som /an/ /aŋ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /ʌn/ /ʌŋ/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
begin
began
begun
começar
drink
drank
drunk
beber
ring
rang
rung
tocar (campainha, sino
etc.)
run
ran
run
correr, concorrer, dirigir
shrink
shrank
shrunk
encolher, contrair
sing
sang
sung
cantar
sink
sank
sunk
afundar, submergir
stink
stank
stunk
cheirar mal
swim
swam
swum
nadar
177
Passado com o som e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊn/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
blow
blew
blown
assoprar, explodir
draw
drew
drown
desenhar
fly
flew
flown
voar, pilotar
grow
grew
grown
crescer, cultivar
know
knew
known
saber, conhecer
throw
threw
thrown
atirar, arremessar
Passado com o som /ʊk/ e Particípio Passado com o som /eɪkən/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado Particípio Passado
Tradução
shake
shook
shaken
sacudir, tremer
take
took
taken
tomar
Passado e
Particípio Passado com o som /stʊd/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
stand
stood
stood
parar
de
pé,
aguentar
understand
understood understood
entender
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊld/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado Particípio Passado
Tradução
sell
sold
sold
vender
tell
told
told
contar, dizer
Passado com o som /əʊ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /əʊ/ terminado em en
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado Tradução
break
broke
broken
quebrar
choose
chose
chosen
escolher
freeze
froze
frozen
congelar, paralisar
speak
spoke
spoken
falar
steal
stole
stolen
roubar
Passado com o som /əʊ/ e Particípio Passado com o som /ɪ/ terminado em en
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
drive
drove
driven
dirigir, ir de carro
ride
rode
ridden
andar de (bicicleta, carro etc.),
andar a (cavalo)
rise
rose
risen
subir, erguer-se
write
wrote
written
escrever, redigir
178
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
bring
brought brought
trazer
buy
bought
bought
comprar
catch
caught
caught
pegar, capturar
fight
fought
fought
lutar
seek
sought
sought
procurar
obter,
objetivar
think
thought thought
pensar
teach
taught
taught
ensinar, dar aula
Passado com o som e Particípio Passado com o som
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
swear
swore
sworn
jurar,
prometer,
assegurar
tear
tore
torn
rasgar, despedaçar
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /eɪ/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
lay
laid
laid
colocar
em
posição
horizontal, assentar
pay
paid
paid
pagar
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /geɪv/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado
Particípio Passado
Tradução
forgive
forgave
forgiven
perdoar
give
gave
given
dar
Passado com o som /keɪm/ e Particípio Passado com a mesma forma da
Forma básica
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado
Particípio Passado
Tradução
become
became
become
tornar-se
come
came
come
vir
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ɛnt/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado
Tradução
bend
bent
bent
curvar
lend
lent
lent
dar emprestado
send
sent
sent
enviar
spend
spent
spent
gastar
179
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ept/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica Passado Particípio Passado
Tradução
keep
kept
kept
guardar, manter
sleep
slept
slept
dormir
sweep
swept
swept
varrer
weep
wept
wept
chorar
Passado e
Particípio Passado com o som /ɛd/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
bleed
bled
bled
sangrar,
ter
hemorragia
feed
fed
fed
alimentar
flee
fled
fled
fugir, escapar
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som
/ɛlt/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado Particípio Passado
Tradução
deal
dealt
dealt
negociar, tratar
feel
felt
felt
sentir(-se)
Passado com o som e Particípio Passado com o som
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma básica
Passado
Particípio Passado
Tradução
forget
forgot
forgot/forgotten
esquecer
get
got
got/gotten
obter
Passado e Particípio Passado com o som /ʌk/
Tabela: equivalente textual a seguir.
Forma
básica
Passado
Particípio
Passado
Tradução
stick
stuck
stuck
furar, fincar, enfiar
strike
struck
struck
golpear,
desferir,
atacar
180
Extra Activities
UNITS 1 AND 2 - A
Read the text below and do exercises 1-6.
Write the answers in your notebook.
Cultural Diversity in Brazil
© UNESCO Quarup ritual of Caiapó Indian tribe - Xingu, Brazil
central issue for the development of projects in the country, especially
focusing on Indigenous People and Afro-descendants.
Areas like traditional crafts, small manufacturers, fashion and design are
strategic areas for Brazil, given their capacity to improve the living conditions of
the poorer people. It can bring individual empowerment and can contribute to
poverty reduction.
In attempting to face its most pressing problem - social inequality - the country
has been discovering the strong influence of culture in shaping this reality and
its potential importance to the eventual social transformation of the current
scenario.
There is still lack of deeper cultural approach when dealing with indigenous
people and Afro-descendants. These two minority groups present the worst
social indicators of the country, but only in the last few years have been
targeted by specific social policies.
More needs to be done to preserve:
- Indigenous people's traditions,
- Indigenous languages that are in danger of disappearing,
- Indigenous traditional knowledge related to nature,
- Indigenous peoples' lands - there are conflicts related to the expansion of the
agricultural frontier and investments in infrastructure,
- The affirmation of the rights of indigenous peoples, including their right to
cultural and linguistic diversity,
- African culture's influence on Brazilian culture and history.
Unesco Brasilia Office is often sought out on issues of cultural diversity,
particularly when it is seen not only in the context of the imbalance between
countries that produce and consume cultural products, but also in its links with
human rights and minority rights, and as a way of fighting discrimination that
causes inequality.
In 2007, Brazil ratified the Unesco Convention on Protection and Promotion of
Diversity of Cultural Expressions, approved in 2005. The Convention is a legal
instrument that guides the Organization in elaborating concepts, goals, and
policies in favor of cultural diversity with emphasis on pluralism, on dialogue
between cultures and their various beliefs, and on development policies.
The Organization also emphasizes the opportunities that the Convention has
been creating in respect to national legal instruments and to related entities.
Unesco expects to contribute to the impact evaluation of this international
instrument on commercial relations that involve cultural services and cultural
goods.
FONTE:
Available
at:
www.unesco.org/new/en/brasilia/culture/cultural-
diversity/#c1048825. Accessed in: March 2016. CRÉDITOS: Ricardo
Teles/Pulsar Imagens
181
1. According to the text, what problem needs to be dealt with immediately in
Brazil?
Resposta: Social inequality.
2. Are the following statements true or false? Write T (True) or F (False) for
each statement. Then correct the false statements.
a. Traditional crafts, small manufacturers, fashion and design are examples of
strategic areas for Brazil that can help improve the living conditions of
indigenous people and Afro-descendants.
Resposta: T
b. Indigenous people and Afro-descendants are minority groups that have long
been targeted by specific social policies.
Resposta: F: Suggested answer: Only in the last few years have indigenous
people and Afro-descendants been targeted by specific social policies
c. The Unesco Convention on Protection and Promotion of Diversity of Cultural
Expressions guides the Organization in elaborating concepts, goals, and
policies in favor of cultural diversity.
Resposta: T
3. What do the following words in bold refer to?
a. "These two minority groups (...)" (4
th
paragraph)
Word in bold: two.
Resposta: indigenous people and Afro-descendants
b. "(...) particularly when it is seen not only in the context of (...)" (6
th
paragraph)
Word in bold: it.
Resposta: cultural diversity
c. "(...) and their various beliefs (...)" (7
th
paragraph)
Word in bold: their.
Resposta: cultures
4. What do the words in bold mean? Make inferences and match the columns
below.
First column:
a. "a remarkable creative diversity" (1
st
paragraph)
Word in bold: remarkable.
b. "the current scenario" (3
rd
paragraph)
Word in bold: current.
c. "specific social policies" (4
th
paragraph)
Word in bold: policies.
d. "is often sought out on issues" (6
th
paragraph)
Word in bold: sought out.
Second column:
I. plans of action agreed on or chosen by a political party, a business etc.
II. looked for and found, especially when this means using a lot of effort
III. happening now; of the present time
IV. unusual or surprising in a way that causes people to take notice
Resposta: a. IV; b. III; c. I; d. II
182
5. In "Areas like traditional crafts, small manufacturers, fashion and design", the
discourse marker like expresses
▲ comparison.
■ exemplification.
Resposta: ■
6. Read the following fragments and choose the correct item that completes
each sentence below (▲ or ■).
Box:
I. "In attempting to face its most pressing problem ..." (3
rd
paragraph)
II. "... given their capacity to improve the living conditions of the poorer people
..." (2
nd
paragraph)
III. "... the country has been discovering the strong influence of culture in
shaping this reality ..." (3
rd
paragraph)
End of box.
a. The words pressing (fragment I) and living (fragment II) are
▲ verbs.
■ adjectives.
Resposta: ■
b. The word discovering (fragment III) is
▲ a verb.
■ a noun.
Resposta: ▲
c. The verb face (fragment I) is equivalent in meaning to
▲ cause.
■ deal with.
Resposta: ■
d. The word pressing (fragment I) is equivalent in meaning to
▲ minor.
■ urgent.
Resposta: ■
UNITS 1 AND 2 - B
Read the following texts and do exercises 1-5.
Write the answers in your notebook.
CRÉDITOS: P. Chinnapong/Shutterstock
CRÉDITOS: ZaZa Studio/Shutterstock
183
CRÉDITOS: Daxiao Productions/Shutterstock
FONTE DAS IMAGENS: Available at: www.brainyquote.com. Accessed in:
March 2016. CRÉDITOS: Akura Yochi/Shutterstock
1. What are the four quotes about?
Resposta: Regrets.
2. Who is each sentence below related to? Replace each ____ with I , II, III or
IV to complete the following sentences. Write I for Bill Nighy, II for Waris Dirie,
III for Suze Orman and IV for John Gutfreund.
a. ____ and ____ don't have any regrets.
Resposta: II, III
b. ____ and ____ don't have many regrets.
Resposta: I, IV
c. ____ is thankful for her past.
Resposta: II
d. ____ claims that her happiness is not related to wealth.
Resposta: III
e. ____ regrets having overestimated people's status far too long in life.
Resposta: I
f. ____ believes that everybody has already harmed other people in life.
Resposta: IV
3. In "I regret mistakes, particularly those that damage other people, and we've
all made some of those", what does the pronoun those refer to?
Resposta: Mistakes.
4. Use If only to rewrite the fragment "I wish I could live another 500 years,
truly."
Resposta: If only I could live another 500 years, truly.
5. Replace each ____ with the correct form of each verb in parentheses to
complete the sentences below.
a. Bill Nighy gave more importance to people's reputation rather than their
kindness. He regrets that.
Bill Nighy wishes he ____ (give) more importance to people's reputation rather
than their kindness.
Resposta: hadn't given
b. Suze Orman damaged other people. She regrets that.
Suze Orman wishes she ____ (damage) other people.
Resposta: hadn't damaged
184
UNITS 3 AND 4 - A
Read the text below and do exercises 1-5.
Write the answers in your notebook.
When Paramedics Needed a Sign Language Interpreter, This 11-Year-Old
Stepped Up to Help
Without a second thought, Yesenia Diosdado ran to the scene of a three-
car accident to assist EMS workers who were looking for a sign language
interpreter.
On a cold afternoon in January 2015, Yesenia Diosdado, 11, got off a school
bus in Lenexa, Kansas, near the apartment building where she lives with her
family. When the bus pulled away, Yesenia saw police and emergency workers
attending to victims of a three-car accident that had occurred at a busy
intersection nearby. Yesenia joined a small crowd of onlookers across the
street.
She noticed that an injured woman was trying to communicate with an EMS
worker using sign language, but he couldn't understand her. "I heard him ask for
an interpreter," Yesenia says.
She ran over to the paramedic to help - her mother, a former sign language
interpreter, had taught her and her siblings how to sign (no one in the family is
hearing-impaired).
"She said, 'I sign. Can I help?'" says EMS captain Chris Winger. "I was floored."
Yesenia was able to relay to the emergency personnel that the woman's neck
was injured and tell them the name of the local hospital she preferred. "She
looked really hurt," says Yesenia. "I'm proud that I got to do something to help."
When her mother, Susan Milidore, 36, heard about Yesenia's heroics, she
wasn't surprised. "It's in her nature to help," says Susan. "I was impressed that
she recognized the seriousness of the situation and took charge. Most adults
wouldn't have done that."
A few weeks later, paramedics presented Yesenia with a gold coin and a
certificate of appreciation at her elementary school.
"My mom always says that you never know when sign language might come in
handy," says Yesenia. "That day, it did."
Available at: www.rd.com/true-stories/inspiring/sign-language-interpreter-hero.
Accessed in: March 2016.
FONTE: Susan Mulidore/www.rd.com
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